Skin concerns

Facial redness can have several causes. Rosacea is a long-term condition that can cause flushing, persistent redness and sensitivity, while couperose describes visible small blood vessels, often around the cheeks and nose.

Birthmarks are coloured areas that are present at birth or develop shortly afterwards. A port-wine stain is a vascular birthmark caused by small blood vessels and can appear pink, red or purple.

Acne scars are changes in texture that remain after an acne breakout heals. They may appear as small indentations, broader depressions or raised areas.

Burn scars can develop after a burn injury heals, leaving changes in colour, texture or flexibility. Their appearance depends partly on the depth of the injury and how it heals.

Vitiligo is a long-term condition in which areas lose pigment, creating lighter or white patches. It can affect different parts of the body, including the face, hands and neck.

Hyperpigmentation describes patches that look darker than the surrounding skin because of increased melanin, the pigment responsible for colour. It includes several different concerns, such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and melasma.

Melasma causes patches of brown pigmentation, often on both sides of the face. Sun exposure and hormonal influences, including pregnancy, can contribute to its development.